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Basic Income and Gender Empowerment:
An Intersectional Approach to Evaluating
BI's Impact in Finland
Shared with the World by Pamela Clarke
This dissertation investigates the
gendered impact of Basic Income(BI) on
empowerment in Finland, utilizing an
expanded empowerment index and an
intersectional approach. The research
challenges contrasting theories
surrounding UBI's effects on women's
empowerment: some argue that UBI
reinforces traditional gender roles, while
others suggest it enhances women's
autonomy. The study addresses two key
questions: how UBI affects a
comprehensive empowerment index
across genders, and what intersectional
factors influence this impact in Finland.
Drawing from the 2017-2018 Finnish
Basic Income experiment, this study
develops an expanded empowerment
index that includes various dimensions
such as life satisfaction, health, mental
well-being, cognitive function, social
capital, and meaningful work. The study
examines responses from the UBI-treated
group (n = 569) and a control group (n =
1,028), employing χ² statistics and
regression analyses to evaluate the
effects of UBI on empowerment across
various intersectional categories,
including age, education, household
composition, income, and urbanization.
Our findings, consistent with previous
research (Kangas et al., 2023), indicate that UBI can equally enhance individual
empowerment for both men and women.
However, our intersectional analysis
reveals nuanced variations in
empowerment outcomes based on
factors such as age, education and
household composition. Notably, a
marginally significant three-way
interaction between treatment, gender,
and household composition suggests that
UBI's impact may vary depending on
family structure, partially supporting
theories regarding UBI's potential to
alter traditional gender roles. This
research underscores the importance of
considering intersectional factors in UBI
policy design and evaluation,
contributing to the ongoing debate about
UBI's role in promoting gender equality
and empowerment through nuanced,
context-specific approaches.
Shared with the World by Pamela Clarke