African nations have some of the world’s worst outcomes on Reproductive, Maternal, Neonatal and Child Health (RMNCH) indicators such as mortality rates, therefore strengthening the delivery of RMNCH continues to take priority on Africa’s public health agenda. However, Africa's health system is generally underfunded and while it is mostly financed from out-of-pocket payments from households, government spending and external funding, research evidence shows that greater mobilization of domestic funding is the more sustainable pathway to fund RMNCH in African nations. In order for African nations to step up domestic resource mobilization (DRM) for RMNCH, they need a data-driven picture of the landscape of local funding sources for RMNCH but there is a deficiency of quality data on domestic funding sources for RMNCH at the local level within African nations. As seen with the more successful tracking of foreign aid, rigorous domestic tracking can be profitable for providing important information on the state of existing local funding sources and inform further innovative financing strategies to improve funding and expenditure 2 inadequacies for RMNCH. Needless to say, financial constraints, lacking statistical capacity, and political factors are some formidable challenges preventing African governments from investing in tracking DRM (Mann et al., 2016; Faye et al., 2020) . This systematic review will help to identify African nations who are tracking DRM for RMNCH and the types of funding sources being engaged. Furthermore, the findings of this systematic review can inform evidenced decision-making and policy design concerning DRM strategies; highlight gaps and areas for further research; and demonstrate the importance of tracking domestic financing for improving health outcomes in African nations as an advocacy tool for greater mobilization. Mann, C., Ng, C., Akseer, N., Bhutta, Z. A., Borghi, J., Colbourn, T., Hernández-Peña, P., Huicho, L., Malik, M. A., MartínezÁlvarez, M., Munthali, S., Salehi, A. S., Tadesse, M., Yassin, M. A., & Berman, P. (2016). Countdown to 2015 Country Case Studies: What Can Analysis of National Health Financing Contribute to Understanding MDG 4 and 5 Progress? BMC Public Health. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016- 3403-4Faye, C., Wehrmeister, F. C., Melesse, D. Y., Mutua, M. K., Maïga, A., Taylor, C. M., Amouzou, A., Jiwani, S. S., Silva, I. C. M. da, Sidze, E., Porth, T., Cá, T., Ferreira, L. Z., Strong, K., Kumapley, R., Carvajal-Aguirre, L., Hosseinpoor, A. R., Barros, A. J. D., & Boerma, T. (2020). Large and Persistent Subnational Inequalities in Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Intervention Coverage in Sub-Saharan Africa. BMJ Global Health. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019- 002232

UCL Bright Ideas Awards 2011 awarded to Brink at the 2011 UCL Awards for Enterprise.