In depth assessment of appraisal techniques is conducted with a focus on participatory methods. The appraisal of a future major transport project for Milton Keynes is done using a fully participatory Multi-Actor Multi-Criteria Analysis method.

The aim of this research is to investigate the appropriateness of current MIP appraisal methods, and suggest a framework that will result in infrastructure that better addresses the current challenges of the 21st century and future post pandemic world. This is an attempt to refocus on social and environmental concerns through wider stakeholder involvement, rather than prioritising the growth economy and PPP incentives